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Legal Guides & Insights

Turkish law for foreigners: what the rules actually say

We wrote these because the same questions kept arriving by email. Each one covers work we run every week — citizenship files, tapu transfers, work permits, tenfiz cases — with the deadlines, the documents and the parts that usually go wrong. General information only. Not advice on your file.

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Legal Guides

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Plain-English guides to Turkish law, written for foreigners, expats and investors by the attorneys who handle these matters daily.

These guides are general information, not legal advice. For advice on your own matter, contact our office at +90 850 242 4043 or info@istanbulattorneys.com.

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94 guides

Three people sit at a round light wooden table in a bright, plainly furnished Istanbul apartment living room: a middle-aged man in a plain blue shirt, a younger woman in a plain cream blouse and, between them, a female lawyer in a navy suit, in calm conversation, with three glasses of water on the table and soft blurred greenery beyond a large window
Real Estate & Property

Rent Determination Lawsuit in Türkiye (Kira Tespit Davası): How a Landlord or Tenant Asks the Court to Set the Rent

How the rent for a renewed lease period is fixed in Türkiye: the consumer price index ceiling for agreed increases, determination by the judge on equity, the five-year rule, the temporary twenty-five percent articles and their date ranges, the timing rules of Article 345, mandatory mediation and the civil court of peace.

8 Oct 2026
Six people, family members and two lawyers in suits, stand on a gravel path in front of an old two-storey stone house with a wooden door, framed by olive trees on both sides, in soft afternoon light
Real Estate & Property

Co-Owned Property in Türkiye: Ending Co-Ownership Through Mediation, the Partition Lawsuit (İzale-i Şuyu), Division in Kind or Sale, and the Co-Owners' Pre-emption Right

How co-owners of a house or flat in Türkiye can end co-ownership: shares and heirs' joint ownership, the right to demand partition and its ten-year limit, mandatory mediation, division in kind or sale by the civil court of peace, and the co-owners' pre-emption right after Law No. 7571.

6 Oct 2026
A bright private law office where a foreign couple in their forties in smart casual clothes and a female lawyer in a navy suit stand around a low table, all looking at a plain white architectural scale model of three residential apartment blocks with tiny trees, plain walls and a large window letting in daylight
Real Estate & Property

Buying an Off-Plan Apartment in Türkiye as a Foreign Buyer: The Presale Contract, the Building Permit, Withdrawal, Delivery Within 48 Months and the 24-Month Right to Rescind Under Law No. 6502

What a foreign buyer of an off-plan apartment in Türkiye can rely on under Law No. 6502: consumer status by purpose, the building permit and contract form, no payment before a valid contract, building completion insurance, fourteen-day withdrawal, delivery within forty-eight months and the twenty-four-month right to rescind.

4 Oct 2026
A calm private law office in warm light where a senior couple in their sixties, dressed in smart casual clothes, sit side by side at a wooden desk facing a female lawyer in a navy suit, with a closed cream folder and a capped fountain pen on the desk and bookshelves blurred behind
Real Estate & Property

Making a Will in Türkiye as a Foreign Property Owner: Official, Handwritten and Oral Wills, Witnesses, Reserved Shares, Revocation and the Law That Applies

How a foreign owner of Turkish property makes a valid will: official, handwritten and oral wills, who may not act as witness, the reserved shares of close family, revocation, annulment time limits and the law that applies under MÖHUK Article 20.

3 Oct 2026
A sunlit Mediterranean apartment balcony with two empty lounge chairs, potted olive trees and a small round table holding a set of keys, with the sea and hills softly in the background
Real Estate & Property

Renting Out Your Turkish Apartment as a Short-Term Holiday Let: The Permit, the Building's Consent, the 25 Per Cent Cap, Who May Run It and the Sanctions (Law No. 7464)

What a foreign owner must do before letting a Turkish flat to holidaymakers under Law No. 7464: the permit and plaque, the unanimous consent of the building, the 25% cap, who may run the lettings, the ban on tenants re-letting, and the escalating sanctions.

30 Sep 2026
A foreign woman in plain casual clothes talking politely with an older Turkish man in a plain cardigan who holds open his wooden front door on the clean stone stairwell landing of an Istanbul apartment building, with warm evening light from the stairwell window and a potted plant beside the door
Real Estate & Property

Noisy or Disruptive Neighbours in a Turkish Apartment: The Neighbour-Law Rule, the Duty Not to Disturb in the Building, the Owners' Board, the Landlord's Warning to a Noisy Tenant and the Noise Fine (Civil Code 730 and 737, Condominium Law 18, Code of Obligations 316, Misdemeanours Law 36)

What a foreign owner or tenant in an Istanbul apartment can do about a noisy neighbour: excessive use beyond local custom (TMK 737), the civil action (TMK 730), the duty not to disturb and tenants' joint liability (KMK 18), the owners' board (KMK 32), the landlord's warning to a noisy tenant (TBK 316) and the noise fine (Misdemeanours Law 36).

28 Sep 2026
A young woman handing a set of keys to a middle-aged man in a plain shirt in an empty, freshly cleaned Istanbul flat with white walls, a few plain cardboard boxes by the door and blurred rooftops through the window
Real Estate & Property

Your Rental Deposit in Turkey: The Three-Month Cap, the Blocked Bank Account, the Move-Out Inspection, the Three-Month Rule for the Bank and How a Tenant Claims It Back or a Landlord Keeps It Lawfully (Turkish Code of Obligations, Article 342)

How a residential security deposit works for foreign tenants and owners: the three-month cap and the blocked bank account (TBK 342), normal wear and return of the flat (TBK 334), the landlord's written defect notice (TBK 335), the bank's three-month rule (TBK 342/3), and mediation before the civil court of peace (6325 Art. 18/B, HMK 4).

23 Sep 2026
A woman in casual clothes at the returns counter of a bright electronics store in Istanbul showing a boxed device and a receipt to a shop assistant, other customers browsing in the background
Litigation & Disputes

You Bought It in Turkey and It Is Defective: The Four Remedies, the Six-Month Presumption, the Two-Year Limit, the 14-Day Online Withdrawal and Where a Foreign Consumer Complains (Consumer Protection Law No. 6502)

What a foreign consumer may demand for defective goods: the definition (TKHK 8), the six-month presumption (TKHK 10), the four remedies and the 30-working-day rule (TKHK 11), the two-year limit (TKHK 12), the 14-day online withdrawal (TKHK 48) and the committee, court and mediation routes (TKHK 68, 73, 73/A).

21 Sep 2026
Three residents in everyday clothes talking on the front steps of a modern mid-rise apartment building in Istanbul, one holding a folder, warm late-afternoon light
Real Estate & Property

Owning an Apartment in a Turkish Building: Service Charges, Owners' Meetings, the Manager, the 2026 Budget Rule and How Disputes Reach the Court (Condominium Law No. 634)

How common expenses are shared and the 5% monthly late penalty (KMK 20), the owners' assembly and its majorities (KMK 29-31), the management plan (KMK 28), the manager and the operating budget after the May 2026 amendment (KMK 34-37), annulment and the judge's intervention (KMK 33) and the forced-transfer action (KMK 25).

17 Sep 2026
Departing employee shaking hands with a manager across a desk in a modern Istanbul office at dusk while an employment lawyer looks on, a box of personal belongings on the desk
Corporate & Commercial

Non-Compete Clauses in Turkish Employment Contracts: When They Bind, How Long They Last, What Happens on Breach and When They Fall Away (TBK 396, 444-447)

Written form and real access to customers or secrets (TBK 444), the limits of place, time and type of work and the two-year cap (TBK 445), damages, penalties and the order to stop competing (TBK 446), and the terminations that release the employee (TBK 447).

16 Sep 2026
Foreign businessman reading a guarantee clause with his lawyer and his spouse at a desk in an Istanbul law office, a loan agreement and a pen in front of them
Corporate & Commercial

Signing a Personal Guarantee in Turkey: The Handwritten Form, the Spouse's Consent, the Ten-Year Limit and What a Guarantor Actually Owes (TBK 581-603, TTK 7)

The written form and the handwritten amount, date and 'joint' statement (TBK 583), the spouse's prior written consent and its commercial exceptions (TBK 584), simple versus joint guarantees, the ceiling in Article 589 and the automatic ten-year end of a natural person's guarantee (TBK 598).

13 Sep 2026
Business owner and lawyer reviewing screenshots of online posts and a printed takedown notice at a desk in an Istanbul law office
Litigation & Disputes

Defamatory Content About You or Your Business Online in Turkey: What Remains After Article 9 of Law 5651 Was Struck Down (TMK 24-25, TBK 58, TCK 125)

Article 9 of Law 5651 is gone. The routes that remain for defamatory posts, fake reviews and smear campaigns in Turkey: platform notice, civil injunction under TMK 25 and HMK 389,

11 Sep 2026
Accounts team reviewing supplier invoices and bound commercial ledgers in an Istanbul office
Corporate & Commercial

Invoices, the Eight-Day Objection Rule and Commercial Books as Evidence in Turkish B2B Disputes (TTK Arts. 18 & 21; HMK Art. 222)

Why silence for eight days is deemed acceptance of an invoice under TTK 21, when Article 18(3) formalities are actually required, and the cumulative conditions

08 Sep 2026
Corporate contract negotiation and commercial penalty clause drafting in Istanbul
Corporate & Commercial

Contractual Penalty Clauses in Turkish B2B Commercial Contracts: The Strict Prohibition on Judicial Reduction for Merchants (TTK Art. 22 & TBK Arts. 179–182)

Commercial penalty clauses (cezai şart) in Turkey: why merchants cannot demand judicial penalty reductions under TTK 22, TBK 179-182 rules, and economic ruin

07 Sep 2026
Commercial contract termination and agency dispute negotiation in an Istanbul corporate law office
Corporate & Commercial

Commercial Agency Termination and Portfolio Indemnity in Turkey: Calculating Equalisation under TTK Article 122

A comprehensive legal guide for foreign principals and Turkish commercial agents on contract termination, calculating goodwill equalization indemnity under Ar

04 Sep 2026
Buyers and their lawyer reviewing a delayed Istanbul residential development against the sales contract handover schedul
Real Estate & Property

Contractor Delay in Turkey: Penalty Clauses, Rental Loss and Your Three Options under TBK 125

Your developer missed the handover date. Turkish law gives you three options under TBK 125, a penalty clause claim, and rental-loss compensation. What each on

31 Aug 2026
A meeting room table with closed binders, a closed laptop and a coffee cup before a city skyline at dusk
Corporate & Commercial

Due Diligence and Seller Liability in a Turkish Share Purchase: The Gap Between the SPA and Turkish Law

A guide for foreign buyers of Turkish companies: what a share purchase really transfers, how TBK 219 defect liability interacts with SPA warranties, disclosur

01 Sep 2026
Commercial lease eviction undertaking and tenancy litigation in Turkey
Real Estate & Property

Eviction Undertaking in Turkey: Strict Validity Rules under TBK 352 and Fast-Track Execution under EBL 272

Enforcing written eviction undertakings (Tahliye Taahhütnamesi) in Turkey under TBK 352. Strict validity rules, one-month enforcement period, and signature de

01 Sep 2026
Commercial debt recovery and Turkish execution office enforcement files on promissory notes
Litigation & Disputes

Recovering Commercial Debts from Turkish Companies: Negotiable Instruments (Promissory Notes & Cheques), Prejudgment Injunctions, and Fast-Track Execution under EBL

Legal guide for international suppliers on recovering debts in Turkey: promissory notes (bono), bounced cheques (çek), fast-track execution (İİK 167), and ban

29 Aug 2026
Recognition & Enforcement

Enforcing UK High Court Judgments in Turkey: 2026 Commercial Guide

How English High Court money judgments, commercial orders, and debt decrees are enforced in Turkey under MÖHUK 5718 and de facto reciprocity.

Read guide
Real Estate & Property

British Expat Property Inheritance in Fethiye & Bodrum (2026 Guide)

How British families and UK heirs navigate inheritance of Turkish villas, apartments, and land in Fethiye, Bodrum, Kalkan, and Antalya.

Read guide
Family & Divorce

German-Turkish Matrimonial Property Division (2026 Legal Guide)

How German Zugewinnausgleich (§ 1363 BGB) and Turkish Edinilmiş Mallara Katılma (TMK 218) interact in cross-border divorces.

Read guide
A thick bundle of papers tied with a red ribbon on a desk beside a closed laptop and a fountain pen
Recognition & Enforcement

Reciprocity in Turkey: Enforcing a Foreign Judgment

MÖHUK Article 54(a) blocks enforcement without reciprocity but never applies to recognition. Which countries qualify, and what to do if yours does not.

15 Aug 2026
An open apartment door with a key left in the lock and a packed suitcase on the landing
Family & Divorce

UK Divorce, Turkish Property: What Happens to the House

An English financial order will not move a Turkish title deed. What to file in Turkey, in what order, and what the house claim is really worth.

13 Aug 2026
An empty apartment with furniture under white dust sheets and a key on the windowsill overlooking the sea
Real Estate & Property

British Citizen Inheritance in Turkey: Property, Wills, Tapu

Why an English will cannot control your Turkish flat, who the forced heirs are, and how to get the tapu transferred, taxed and closed.

13 Aug 2026
Corner of a bound paper file with an embossed seal, knotted ribbon and metal grommet
Recognition & Enforcement

How to Enforce a German Judgment in Turkey: 2026 Guide

A German judgment is not enforceable in Turkey until a Turkish court grants tenfiz. The documents Germany must issue, the refusal grounds, the timeline.

11 Aug 2026
Walking stick and reading glasses on a sunlit balcony table above coastal apartment buildings
Immigration & Residence

Retiring to Turkey from the UK: Residence Permit and Tax

How UK retirees get a Turkish residence permit under Law 6458: income proof, health insurance, address rules, the 8-year route and pension tax.

11 Aug 2026
Brass embossing press gripping the corner of a thick stack of pale paper
Recognition & Enforcement

Enforcing an English Court Judgment in Turkey: UK Guide

How British claimants enforce an English judgment in Turkey: de facto reciprocity, sealed order, certificate of finality, apostille, court, timing and cost.

07 Aug 2026
A blue identity card in a sleeve on a counter beside a closed foreign passport
Turkish Citizenship

Mavi Kart (Blue Card) Turkey: Your Rights After Citizenship

What the Mavi Kart (Blue Card) gives former Turkish citizens: property, inheritance, work. What it does not: the vote, a passport, public office.

07 Aug 2026
Getting Married in Turkey as a Foreigner: 2026 Guide
Family & Divorce

Getting Married in Turkey as a Foreigner: 2026 Guide

Getting married in Turkey as a foreigner in 2026: required documents, capacity certificate, health report, ceremony rules and residence

29 Jul 2026
Entry Ban & Deportation in Turkey: 2026 Appeal Guide
Immigration & Residence

Entry Ban & Deportation in Turkey: 2026 Appeal Guide

Facing an entry ban or deportation in Turkey? Learn how to appeal, lift tahdit codes, and protect your status. Istanbul immigration law

26 Jul 2026
Franchise & Distributorship Law in Turkey: 2026 Guide
Corporate & Commercial

Franchise & Distributorship Law in Turkey: 2026 Guide

How franchise and distributorship agreements work in Turkey in 2026: legal framework, goodwill compensation and competition rules for f

24 Jul 2026
Detained at Istanbul Airport: Your Legal Rights in 2026
Immigration & Residence

Detained at Istanbul Airport: Your Legal Rights in 2026

Detained at Istanbul Airport? Learn your rights on entry bans, tahdit codes, deportation and Interpol alerts under Turkish law. Istanbu

17 Jul 2026
Employer Obligations in Turkey: 2026 Guide for Companies
Corporate & Commercial

Employer Obligations in Turkey: 2026 Guide for Companies

Foreign-owned companies in Turkey face strict SGK, payroll and Labor Law 4857 duties. Learn the key 2026 employer obligations and how t

16 Jul 2026
Buying Property in Turkey via a Company vs Personally 2026
Real Estate & Property

Buying Property in Turkey via a Company vs Personally 2026

Company or personal name? Compare tax, liability & citizenship when buying property in Turkey in 2026. Istanbul real estate lawyers exp

10 Jul 2026

You do not have to work out which of these applies to you. Describe the situation in two or three lines and we will tell you which route it is.

Ask what applies to youA founding partner reads it · Answered in English
Earthquake Safety When Buying Property in Turkey 2026
Real Estate & Property

Earthquake Safety When Buying Property in Turkey 2026

Buying property in Turkey? Learn the earthquake building-safety laws, permits, and due diligence every foreign buyer must check in 2026

09 Jul 2026
Turkish International Ship Registry (TUGS): 2026 Tax Guide
Corporate & Commercial

Turkish International Ship Registry (TUGS): 2026 Tax Guide

Registering under the Turkish flag through TUGS brings major tax exemptions under Law 4490. Istanbul maritime lawyers explain eligibili

12 Jun 2026
An empty executive chair behind a desk, the office door open onto a dark corridor
Criminal Defense

Director Criminal Liability in Turkey: Executive Guide

Personal criminal liability of company directors in Turkey: how foreign executives face prosecution and limit exposure. Speak to our le

07 Jun 2026
A long empty corridor of courtroom doors, one standing open at the far end
Family & Divorce

Contested Divorce in Turkey: 2026 Foreign National Guide

Contested divorce in Turkey for foreign nationals: TMK 161-166 grounds, jurisdiction, timeline, cost, custody, alimony and property division explained.

04 Jun 2026
Charter Party Disputes in Turkey: 2026 Owners & Charterers Guide
Corporate & Commercial

Charter Party Disputes in Turkey: 2026 Owners Guide

Charter party disputes in Turkey: demurrage, off-hire, bunkers, cargo claims, ship arrest and the one-year TCC time bar. Guide for owners and charterers.

02 Jun 2026
Fibre-optic cabling running along a ceiling tray, lit from one side
Corporate & Commercial

KVKK Cross-Border Data Transfers: 2026 Compliance Guide

Cross-border data transfers under KVKK now require adequacy decisions, SCCs or BCRs. Learn the 2026 rules, fines and duties for foreign

01 Jun 2026
Two glass office towers seen from below, meeting at a narrow sky gap
Corporate & Commercial

Merger Control Turkey 2026: New Thresholds Guide

Merger control Turkey 2026 — new TRY 3 billion thresholds, TCA notification rules, and strategic guidance for foreign acquirers and MNC

16 May 2026
An empty airport fast-track lane, rope barriers in place, early morning
Turkish Citizenship

Turquoise Card Turkey 2026: Strategic Visa Guide

Turquoise Card Turkey 2026 guide for HNWI investors and global executives — eligibility, 3-year transition, application process, and el

15 May 2026
A passport lying closed on a marble counter beside a brass desk bell
Turkish Citizenship

Turkish Citizenship by Investment 2026: Strategic Guide for HNWIs

Turkish citizenship by investment in 2026: $400K real estate, $500K deposit and fund routes — strategic guide for HNWI applicants by se

11 May 2026
A row of empty airport arrivals seats under cold overhead light
Criminal Defense

Interpol Red Notice and Extradition in Turkey: 2026 Guide

How a Red Notice works in Türkiye: the 48-hour border rule, the bars to extradition under Law 6706, timing, and deleting the notice in Lyon.

10 May 2026
A house key and an apartment key lying apart on a cold marble surface
Family & Divorce

Matrimonial Property Division in Turkey: 2026 Guide

How Turkish courts divide marital assets under TMK 218-241: the 2002 rule, the participation claim, prenups and foreign assets. A 2026 guide for expats.

10 May 2026
Criminal Appeals in Turkey: İstinaf, Temyiz & AYM Guide
Criminal Defense

Criminal Appeals in Turkey: İstinaf, Temyiz & AYM Guide

Criminal appeals in Turkey: İstinaf, Temyiz, Constitutional Court (AYM), and ECHR applications for foreign defendants. Strategic appell

07 May 2026
A police station front desk at night, empty, one lamp burning
Family & Divorce

Protection Orders Turkey: Law 6284 Guide for Foreigners

How foreign spouses obtain a Law 6284 protection order in Turkey: where to file, what measures a judge can order, breach penalties, permits and custody.

03 May 2026
Two national tax forms lying at right angles on a dark desk
Corporate & Commercial

Double Taxation Treaties in Turkey: 2026 Guide for HNWIs

Double taxation treaty Turkey 2026: HNWI & MNC guide on cross-border income, withholding, tax credits and residency. Speak to a Turkish

03 May 2026
A cargo ship with a plain dark red hull moored at a container port at dusk
Corporate & Commercial

Ship Arrest in Turkey: 2026 Guide for Foreign Claimants

How to arrest a ship in Turkey: procedure, counter-security, costs and timing. Maritime lawyers in Istanbul guide foreign claimants und

02 May 2026
A monthly bank statement folded on a windowsill, city light behind it
Family & Divorce

Alimony in Turkey for Foreign Spouses: 2026 Guide

Alimony in Turkey for foreign spouses: tedbir, yoksulluk and iştirak nafakası, how courts set the amount, indexation, deadlines and cross-border enforcement.

01 May 2026
ISDS in Turkey: ICSID & BIT Claims for Investors
Litigation & Disputes

ISDS in Turkey: ICSID & BIT Claims for Investors

Investor-state dispute settlement in Turkey: a 2026 strategic guide for foreign investors on ICSID arbitration, BIT claims, and recover

01 May 2026
Concordat in Turkey 2026: Debt Restructuring Strategy
Litigation & Disputes

Concordat in Turkey 2026: Creditor Rights and Deadlines

Concordat (konkordato) in Turkey 2026: the moratorium deadlines, the Article 302 creditor vote and what a ratified plan binds. A guide for foreign creditors.

27 Apr 2026
Breach of Trust in Turkey: TCK 155 Criminal Liability
Criminal Defense

Breach of Trust in Turkey: TCK 155 Criminal Liability

TCK 155 breach of trust in Turkey: criminal exposure for executives, board members, and HNWI investors. Strategic defense counsel in Is

26 Apr 2026
A notary's brass seal and a closed leather folder on a counter
Family & Divorce

Prenuptial Agreements Turkey: Foreign Spouse Guide

Prenuptial agreements in Turkey under TMK 202-241 protect foreign spouses' assets. 2026 guide on property regimes, notary process and e

26 Apr 2026
A customs barrier raised at the entrance to an industrial zone at dawn
Corporate & Commercial

Free Zones in Turkey: Tax Benefits & MNC Setup 2026

Free zones in Turkey offer corporate tax exemption, VAT relief, and 85% income tax savings for MNCs. 2026 setup guide for foreign inves

25 Apr 2026
A partly built apartment block seen through scaffolding at first light
Real Estate & Property

Real Estate Due Diligence in Turkey: 2026 Buyer Guide

Real estate due diligence in Turkey for foreign buyers: TAPU and annotation checks, military zones, SPK valuation, the 4% transfer fee and 2026 base values.

25 Apr 2026
Tax Evasion in Turkey: VUK 359 Criminal Liability 2026
Criminal Defense

Tax Evasion in Turkey: VUK 359 Criminal Liability 2026

Tax evasion in Turkey under VUK Article 359 carries 18 months to 8 years imprisonment. Strategic guide for foreign companies and execut

25 Apr 2026
Branch vs Subsidiary in Turkey: 2026 MNC Entry Guide
Corporate & Commercial

Branch vs Subsidiary in Turkey: 2026 MNC Entry Guide

Choose between branch office, subsidiary, or liaison office in Turkey. Tax, liability, and registration rules for MNCs and foreign inve

23 Apr 2026
A child's drawing pinned to a corkboard in an otherwise empty office
Family & Divorce

Cross-Border Child Custody in Turkey: 2026 Guide

Cross-border child custody in Turkey for foreign parents: Hague return applications, custody jurisdiction, travel bans and enforcing foreign court orders.

23 Apr 2026
Two rings left on a document folder on a desk
Recognition & Enforcement

Recognition of Foreign Divorce in Turkey: 2026 Guide

Recognition of a foreign divorce in Turkey: the Article 27/A registry route, the tanıma court case under MÖHUK, the documents needed and realistic timelines.

23 Apr 2026
A long hearing table with microphones and name-card holders left blank
Litigation & Disputes

International Arbitration in Turkey: ICC vs ISTAC Guide

International arbitration in Turkey — compare ICC and ISTAC for cross-border contracts, enforcement, and strategic risk allocation. Exp

18 Apr 2026
Forgery and Document Fraud in Turkey Under TCK 204-212
Criminal Defense

Forgery and Document Fraud in Turkey Under TCK 204-212

Forgery in Turkey: TCK 204 official documents 2–5 years (3–8 for officials), TCK 207 private documents 1–3 years. How foreign investors

17 Apr 2026
Buying Property in Turkey as a Foreigner in 2026
Real Estate & Property

Buying Property in Turkey as a Foreigner: 2026 Tapu Guide

How foreigners buy property in Turkey in 2026: the tapu transfer, ownership limits, the unbuilt-land project rule, military-zone checks, the 4% fee and VAT re

12 Apr 2026
A row of numbered deposit boxes in a vault wall, one door ajar
Family & Divorce

Asset Protection & Estate Planning in Turkey

Protect your Turkish assets with strategic estate planning. A guide to inheritance law, forced heirship, and wealth structuring fo

11 Apr 2026
IP Protection in Turkey: Patents, Designs & Trade Secrets
Corporate & Commercial

IP Protection in Turkey: Patents, Designs & Trade Secrets

Learn how foreign investors protect patents, designs, and trade secrets in Turkey. TURKPATENT filing, enforcement, and strategic IP str

11 Apr 2026
Cyber Crime & Digital Fraud in Turkey 2026: Legal Defense Guide
Criminal Defense

Cyber Crime & Digital Fraud in Turkey 2026: Legal Defense Guide

How does Turkish law punish cyber crime & digital fraud? Complete 2026 guide on TCK 243-245 penalties, victim remedies & cross-border d

09 Apr 2026
A boardroom table set for two parties, chairs facing across it, no people
Corporate & Commercial

Mergers and Acquisitions in Turkey for Foreign Investors

Mergers and acquisitions in Turkey explained for foreign investors. Updated 2026 Competition Board thresholds, due diligence, and M&A l

08 Apr 2026
AML & MASAK Compliance in Turkey 2026: Foreign Investor Guide
Corporate & Commercial

AML & MASAK Compliance in Turkey 2026: Foreign Investor Guide

What are MASAK AML obligations for foreign companies in Turkey? Complete 2026 guide on suspicious transaction reporting, TCK 282 penalt

08 Apr 2026
Commercial Litigation Turkey | Foreign Investor Guide
Litigation & Disputes

Commercial Litigation Turkey | Foreign Investor Guide

Navigate commercial litigation in Turkey — a guide to court procedures, mandatory mediation, and interim measures for

06 Apr 2026
Divorce in Turkey for Expats: Custody & Prenups Guide
Family & Divorce

Divorce in Turkey for Expats: Custody & Prenups Guide

A guide to divorce in Turkey for expats — mixed-nationality custody, prenuptial agreements, jurisdiction rules, and strategic lega

05 Apr 2026
A courier envelope, unopened, on the doormat of an office entrance
Recognition & Enforcement

Enforcing Foreign Court Judgments in Turkey: Tenfiz Guide

How a foreign court judgment becomes enforceable in Türkiye: the five conditions of Article 54 MÖHUK, the documents, the timeline, and when not to bother.

05 Apr 2026
Shareholder Agreements in Turkey for Foreign Investors
Corporate & Commercial

Shareholder Agreements in Turkey for Foreign Investors

Shareholder agreements in Turkey protect foreign investors in joint ventures. Learn drag-along, tag-along, deadlock, and exit clauses u

05 Apr 2026
Turkey Work Permit Guide 2026: For Foreign Employees & MNCs
Immigration & Residence

Turkey Work Permit 2026: Rules, Deadlines & Renewals

A 2026 guide to Turkish work permits for foreign employees and multinationals: filing rules, the 30-day decision, renewal windows, Turquoise Card and fines.

05 Apr 2026
A tall stack of bound annual accounts on a boardroom credenza at dusk
Corporate & Commercial

Corporate Tax in Turkey 2026: Foreign Investor Guide

How are foreign investors taxed in Turkey? Complete 2026 guide to the 25% corporate rate, 80+ tax treaties, withholding & minimum tax —

03 Apr 2026
KVKK Compliance in Turkey: Guide for Foreign Companies
Corporate & Commercial

KVKK Compliance in Turkey: Guide for Foreign Companies

KVKK compliance in Turkey requires foreign companies to appoint a local DPR, register with VERBIS, and meet strict 2026 data protection

31 Mar 2026
White-Collar Crime & Executive Liability in Turkey
Criminal Defense

White-Collar Crime & Executive Liability in Turkey

White-collar crime in Turkey exposes executives to personal liability. Learn about risk mitigation, MASAK compliance, and strategic def

31 Mar 2026
Cross-Border Inheritance in Turkey: Estate Planning
Family & Divorce

Cross-Border Inheritance in Turkey: 2026 Estate Guide

Turkish law governs your Istanbul property whoever you are. Reserved shares, 2026 inheritance tax bands, filing deadlines and title-deed traps explained.

30 Mar 2026
Company Formation in Turkey: LLC vs JSC for Investors
Corporate & Commercial

Company Formation in Turkey: LLC vs JSC for Investors

Company formation in Turkey for foreign investors in 2026: LLC vs JSC on capital, personal liability, tax and timelines, plus the costs nobody quotes upfront.

28 Mar 2026
Trademark Registration in Turkey for Foreign Companies
Corporate & Commercial

Trademark Registration in Turkey for Foreign Companies

How foreign companies register a trademark in Turkey with TURKPATENT: filing steps, opposition, the Madrid route and protecting the mark after registration.

28 Mar 2026
Enforcing Foreign Arbitral Awards in Turkey 2026
Recognition & Enforcement

Enforcing Foreign Arbitral Awards in Turkey 2026

Learn how to enforce foreign arbitral awards in Turkey under the New York Convention. Timelines, costs, and key steps for MNCs and inve

27 Mar 2026
Family Legal Services Kağıthane
Family & Divorce

Family Law in Kağıthane: Divorce, Custody, Inheritance

Divorce, custody, property and inheritance for foreign families in Kağıthane, İstanbul, with the Turkish Civil Code articles that decide each outcome.

25 Mar 2026
A numbered ticket dispenser in an empty government waiting hall
Immigration & Residence

Short-Term Residence Permit Turkey | 2026 Guide

Short-term residence permits in Turkey under Law 6458: who can apply, the grounds the law accepts, the income and insurance requirements, and when a permit ends.

24 Mar 2026
Cyber Fraud Lawyer Turkey | TCK 158/1-f Defense
Criminal Defense

Cyber Fraud Turkey | TCK 158/1-f Defense, 4-Year Floor

Cyber fraud charges in Turkey: how TCK 158/1-f works, why the sentence starts at four years, the new 2026 reduction for lent accounts, and the real defences.

07 Mar 2026
Claiming Land in Turkey: The '20-Year Rule' Legal Guide
Real Estate & Property

Claiming Land in Turkey: The 20-Year Rule (TMK 713)

How the 20-year rule (TMK 713) works in Türkiye: who you sue, the three-month objection window, court fees, and the land that no possession can ever win.

14 Feb 2026
A residential apartment block at blue hour seen across a rain-wet street with warm lit windows
Real Estate & Property

Deed Cancellation Lawsuit Turkey: Grounds, Costs, Timing

Title deed cancellation in Türkiye: the four grounds Turkish courts accept, the freezing order that stops a resale, court fees, deadlines and appeal stages.

27 Jan 2026
Fraud Litigation in Turkey: TCK 157 & 158 Defense Guide
Criminal Defense

Fraud Charges in Turkey: TCK 157 & 158 Defense Guide

Facing fraud charges in Turkey? TCK 157 carries 1-5 years, TCK 158 up to 10. Learn effective repentance under TCK 168, frozen accounts and defense options.

06 Jan 2026
Medical Malpractice Compensation Turkey | Legal Guide 2026
Litigation & Disputes

Medical Malpractice Compensation in Turkey: 2026 Guide

How Turkish courts calculate malpractice damages: material and moral heads of loss, the new 2026 interest rules, filing deadlines and what a claim costs.

04 Jan 2026
Suing a Hospital in Turkey: Public vs Private Liability
Litigation & Disputes

Suing a Hospital in Turkey: Courts, Deadlines, Liability

Suing a state hospital in Turkey means an administrative court; a private clinic means a consumer court. Know the forum, the first step and your deadline.

03 Jan 2026
Divorce Financial Disputes Turkey: Assets & Adultery
Family & Divorce

Turkish Divorce: Adultery, Company Shares, Hidden Assets

How Turkish law treats adultery, company share valuation and assets moved to relatives in divorce: the Civil Code articles, deadlines and the cost of filing.

30 Dec 2025
Mortgage in Turkish Divorce: Who Owns the House?
Family & Divorce

Mortgage in Turkish Divorce: Who Owns the House? 2026

Paid the mortgage during marriage while the title deed stayed in one name? How Turkish courts value the house and split the claim under TMK 227 and 236.

28 Dec 2025
Unopened correspondence left at a residential doorstep
Litigation & Disputes

Turkish Execution Law: Procedures & Pitfalls (2026 Guide)

Master Turkish Execution Law procedures. Learn about debt collection, PTT notifications, and avoiding the 7-day objection pitfall in Tu

10 Dec 2025
Two files set apart on a table in a family law office
Family & Divorce

Can I File for Divorce in Turkey? Jurisdiction Rules

Can a foreigner file for divorce in Turkey? How jurisdiction works under MÖHUK 40 and TMK 168, which law applies, costs, and filing from abroad by proxy.

27 Jul 2025
A couple with a suitcase walking along a sunlit Istanbul waterfront with the Bosphorus behind them
Immigration & Residence

Immigrating to Turkey 2026: Visas, Permits & Citizenship

Moving to Turkey in 2026? Visa limits, residence permit types and durations, work permit rules and the routes to Turkish citizenship, article by article.

10 Jul 2025

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